Who owns the Minerals??? Experience Landman or attorney could answer

GOHS prior Attorney Ben Elmore who had been very kind and answered Texas Mineral Law questions now has new Career Job and can no longer answer questions on this site----- so I ask if any other lawyers Texas Minerals Oil & Gas Law on site that would be kind to answer this question----------------------------------Assume that grantor owns 100% minerals( Not stated in Deed anywhere--- no prior Reservation last 100+ years in records of any prior Reservations of minerals)  and sells the land---- deed says grantor have granted, sold, conveyed, assigned and delivered unto said Grantee an undivided 1/4th interest in and to all of oil, gas and other minerals.   (The minerals were under a lease at time of sell )Grantor said Grantee would receive 1/4 royalties per lease agreed terms. If lease expires-- which it did-- then Grantee shall own 1/4 of minerals. The Grantor never says he reserves the other 3/4 of minerals anywhere in deed.  The question Who Owns the 75% of minerals not reserved in writing of Deed. Grantor? or since not reserved by statement of Reservation of the remaining minerals does Grantee own all 100% of Minerals or only 25%???    Old Deed 1937 Texas 

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There you go.  I love Louisiana Code Napoleon.  It says what it means and thus the mineral laws are quite clear as to who owns what, when and where and for how long.

have read the document about the Grappe Grant in the Caddo courthouse, a decision by the US Supreme Court

Kind of a shady deal but it is interesting history.  As is the Larkin Edwards grant.

have you read the Court's decision?

No.  Is it worth the time?

The Dolet Grant was more interesting.

Yes, sent message with some details

Sometimes it's just difficult reading the script.

There's definitely something to it.  It ain't easy and sure isn't SIMPLE.

Here is how it could go, with the operator and landman/attorney taking the path of least resistance; 

  1. Lease both parties, pay bonus to cover yourself and basically have a “protection” lease; pay bonus of 25% to one party and bonus of 100% to the other party; (cheaper than fighting over it for now);
  2. Drill the well and if the well is dry, uneconomic and plugged, then problem solved;
  3. Drill the well and if the well is completed as a decent producer, the title attorney can put a Title Requirement in his memo/division order title opinion, as to this tract and require the record title holders to work it out, in the form of a Stipulation of Interest and Cross Conveyance between the parties; until such time this is done, the operator can suspend the interest and hold the money or move the money to the registry of the court and deduct any attorney fees incurred by the operator from the amounts held or paid, to offset their efforts and hassle of the title issue and court fees;
  4. Good luck suing the operator and forcing them to do anything other than this once the leases have been signed in #1 above;

Dino, I don't get your logic? You gonna sign someone and pay 100%? when you don't know what they own? Maybe I missed something.

Dino--- the 25% is not in question since 25% is conveyed per deed but it's the 75% in question which is not clarified in deed -- so following your suggestion you sign both to lease the Grantor 75% and Grantee then at 100% bonus then company Title attorney would give Title opinion at DIVISION ORDER 25 to grantee 75% grantor or 100% to grantee and nothing for Grantor which would then result in Grantor heirs going to court -- is this what you are saying?

thanks and i guess what i am trying to say, is that when a question of ownership arises with an operator, when planing to drill a well or in the heat of a leasing play, everyone and anyone with potential ownership will be leased;

the operator does not need to know what everyone owns in a tract, as long as they get them all leased; (they usually try their best to figure it out, but when in doubt just lease everyone); 

in this example here, they could lease both parties and even pay each of them for 100% of the minerals; as long as they "over lease" and not "under lease" they are covered; drill a well and claim that the title is unclear and put all parties in suspense, pending the outcome of litigation or the cleaning up of the title between the mineral owners;

as long as the operator has leases to cover all parties involved, they can drill a well, operate the well and keep the royalty in suspense and the lease agreements allow them to take this path;

they will send out a letter before royalty is paid, that says: Sorry folks, we are not sure who to pay or how much your own, so therefore the interests will remain in suspense until we are furnished with evidence of ownership or agreements between the parties as to who owns what etc...

the last thing the operator/title attorney wants to happen is to interprete a document, pay the royalty, then find out later they were wrong and then have to pay twice;

lease em all...drill the well...then throw it all in suspense and let the mineral/royalty owners fight it out;

this happens all of the time and operators use "title issues" to hold money, but not saying this will happen in the example here, as i am not versed in the case law in a particular situation such as this, but just hoping for the best and planning for the worst!

and showing how an operator might handle this situation and keep their hands clean from much liability and the potential exposure of paying royalty to the wrong crowd; 

sorry if i have wandered off tract and not answered the base question as to who owns the interests in question, that would require the check of Texas case law or examples in the Texas Property Code, to see if anything like this has come up and been litigated and the outcome of same;

 

  

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